List of sailing battleships of the Russian Imperial Navy. Sailing and galley fleet - the history of modernization Russian sailing frigate

Since the time of the Soviet Union, six training sailboats have been preserved in Russian nautical schools: "Young Baltiets", "Kruzenshtern", "Sedov", "Mir", "Nadezhda" and "Pallada".

1. Sailing ship "Young Baltiets" is assigned to the Marine Technical College named after Admiral D.N. Senyavin, which is located in St. Petersburg.

2. Sailboats "Kruzenshtern" and "Sedov" are assigned to the Baltic State Academy of the Fishing Fleet, which is located in Kaliningrad.

3. Sailboat "Mir" is assigned to the port of St. Petersburg and is at the disposal of FSUE "Rosmorport".

4. Sailboat "Nadezhda" is assigned to the port of Vladivostok and is at the disposal of FSUE "Rosmorport".

5. The sailboat "Pallada" is assigned to the Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University, which is located in Vladivostok.

Thus, six training sailboats are concentrated in three ports: Vladivostok, Kaliningrad and St. Petersburg, two in each, while three: "Young Baltiets", "Mir" and "Nadezhda", belong to the educational institutions of Rosmorrechflot, and three: "Kruzenshtern", "Pallada" and "Sedov" belong to educational institutions of the Federal Agency for Fisheries.

Sailboat "Young Baltiets"

It was built at the Baltic Shipyard in 1989 and became the first motor-sailing vessel built in Russia since 1914.

At the embankment of Lieutenant Schmidt.

According to the type of sailing armament, it belongs to two-masted schooners with hafel-Bermuda armament. Mast height 32 m.

Displacement 441 reg.t. Length 49.5 m. Width 8.4 m. Draft 3.1 m. Speed ​​up to 12 knots. Can take on board 32 trainees. It mainly operates flights with interns in the Baltic Sea. In navigation in 2017, 109 cadets of the college and the clubs "Junga" and "Admiralteets" had practice on it.

Sailboat "Kruzenshtern"

Built in 1926 in Germany. According to the type of sailing armament, this is a four-masted barque. Full displacement 6400 tons. Length 114.5 m. Beam 14.02 m. Maximum draft 7.2 m. Speed ​​under sail up to 16 knots. The maximum height of the masts is 56 m. The sail area is up to 3800 square meters. m. Can take on board up to 203 trainees. The navigation area is unlimited.

In 1991, the barque was transferred from the association "Estrybprom" to the Kaliningrad Higher Marine Engineering School, and changed the home port of Tallinn to Kaliningrad.

Bark regularly sails with cadets from various sailors, mainly in the seas surrounding Europe. He made two round-the-world voyages in 1995-1996 and in 2005-2006. In 2015, the sailboat sailed in honor of the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War along the route: Sochi - Novorossiysk - Kerch - Sevastopol - Toulon - Reykjavik - Murmansk - Arkhangelsk - Kaliningrad.

Several hundred cadets from various educational institutions of the Federal Agency for Fisheries of Russia annually undergo swimming practice on a sailboat.

Sailboat "Sedov"

Built in 1921 in Germany. It is currently considered the largest training sailing vessel. Sailing armament corresponds to a four-masted barque.

Full displacement 7320 tons. Length 117.5 m. Width 14.7 m. Draft 6.7 m. Speed ​​up to 18 knots. The maximum height of the masts from the keel to the tail is 63.5 m. The sail area is 4192 sq. m. Can take on board 164 cadets. The navigation area is unlimited.

The sailboat holds the official world sailing speed record for vessels of this class - 18.32 knots, which was set in 1987 in the Mediterranean Sea.

From 1966 to 2015, the ship traveled more than 500,000 miles, which is the distance from the Earth to the Moon and back.

In 2006 and 2010, the sailboat sailed in the high latitudes of the Arctic dedicated to the memory of the defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War. On September 23, 2010, it reached latitude 78° and became the first ship of its class to reach this far north.

In 2012-2013, the Sedov circumnavigated the world dedicated to the 1150th anniversary of the founding of the ancient Russian state.

As well as on the Kruzenshtern, on the Sedov, several hundred cadets from various educational institutions of the Federal Fisheries Agency of Russia annually undergo swimming practice.

Sailboat "Mir"

Built in 1987 in Poland. By type of armament - a three-masted sailing ship. Displacement 2984 tons. Length 108.6 m. Beam 14.0 m. Draft 6.6 m. Mast height 49.5 m. Speed ​​11.6 knots. Sail area 2771 sq. m. Can take on board 144 cadets.

The ship holds the official sailing speed record of 21 knots. The sailboat has participated in many international regattas and, during navigation, sails with cadets from various nautical and river schools, mainly in the seas surrounding Europe.

Every year, several hundred cadets from various educational institutions of the Rosmorrechflot of Russia undergo swimming practice on a sailboat.

Sailboat "Nadezhna"

Built in 1992 in Poland. By type of armament - a three-masted sailing ship. Displacement 2984 tons. Length 108.6 m. Beam 14.0 m. Draft 6.6 m. Mast height 49.5 m. Speed ​​11.6 knots. Sail area 2768 sq. m. Can take on board 144 cadets.

The sailing ship got its name in honor of the flagship of the first Russian round-the-world expedition Nadezhda.

The sailboat sails mainly in the seas of the Far East.

In 2014 and 2016, he took part in regattas on the Black Sea, for which he made his way through the Indian Ocean and the Suez Canal.

On the Nadezhda sailing ship, as well as on the Mir sailing ship of the same type, several hundred cadets from various educational institutions of the Russian Marine and River Fleet, mainly located in the Far East and Eastern Siberia, undergo swimming practice every year.

Sailboat "Pallada"

Built in 1989 in Poland. The sailboat inherited its name in honor of the Pallada frigate, on which the Russian writer Ivan Goncharov sailed to the Far East and wrote his famous novel Pallada Frigate. Well, historical continuity in the names of ships is always good.

By type of armament - a three-masted sailing ship. Displacement 2284 tons. Length 108.6 m. Beam 14.0 m. Draft 6.6 m. Mast height 49.5 m. Speed ​​11.6 knots. Sail area 2771 sq. m. Can take on board 144 cadets.

In 2007 - 2008, the sailboat made a round-the-world voyage dedicated to the 190th anniversary of the round-the-world voyage of Russian ships under the command of F.F. Bellingshausen and M.P. Lazarev and the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the Russian exploration of Antarctica.

Several hundred cadets from various educational institutions of the Russian Federal Agency for Fisheries located in the Far East, Kamchatka and Eastern Siberia annually undergo swimming practice on a sailboat.

This article provides only the briefest information about each legendary training sailboat. Of course, each of them has its own history, spanning decades, and filled with unforgettable voyages and impressions, tens of thousands of cadets who joined the sea on their decks and masts, making long voyages through fogs and storms, in different parts of the oceans.

It is worth noting that our country has not only the largest number of nautical and river schools, but also the largest fleet of training sailing ships.

In addition to specialized training sailboats assigned to various maritime educational institutions, there are other sailing ships in Russia, on which boys and girls, and even quite adult people, join the sea life. After all, the sea attracts not only young people, a craving for the sea and a desire to try oneself in overcoming difficulties at sea can appear in a person at any age. Therefore, every year various sailing ships and yachts surf the water expanses, for example, the Shtandart sailing ship and the Nadezhda sailing schooner.

Sailboat Shtandart, built in honor of the firstborn of the Baltic Fleet, a ship from the times of Peter the Great.

Photo taken in the port of Hamburg in February 2012.

The sailing schooner "Nadezhda" passes the protective dam in Kronstadt and follows the Great Kronstadt roadstead. Photo taken in August 2019.

Sailing ship "Poltava" at the Promenade des Anglais

Although the sailboat "Poltava" was built as a historical ship, even stepping on its deck, to some extent, there is an initiation to the sea, well, if you spend a few hours on it, for several more days, then in the sea and you can fall in love with ships.

The cadets, who will climb the decks of training sailboats for the first time, would like to say that it is not the ship that adorns the sailor, but the sailor, with his love for the ship and the sea, with his reasonable service zeal and concern for the technical serviceability of the ship, becomes its true decoration and the basis of safe and trouble-free navigation.

Not a single snow-white, and seemingly chic liner will become a home for an illiterate and irresponsible sailor, and any hard worker fishing trawler, or dry cargo ship on a coastal line, is transformed and becomes a reliable assistant and road to the future, a caring sailor who sincerely loves ships is devoted sea ​​and always conscientiously fulfills his duties on every ship, wherever the fate of a sailor takes him.

For a real sailor, first paper, and then small and rusty boats, are eventually replaced by huge ocean liners. There is no such force on earth that can become an obstacle in the way of a person who wants to be a sailor and is ready to devote his whole life to this, and let the words from the magnificent novel by Veniamin Kaverin “Two Captains” be parting words to him in this noble aspiration:

"Fight and seek, find and never give up!"

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet (1710-1724)

90-gun

• Lesnoye, 90 op., 1718
• Gangut, 92 or., 1719
• Friedrichstadt, 90 op., 1720

80-gun

• Untitled, 80 op., 1713. It was built for the Baltic Fleet, but the order was not paid on time and did not take place.
• Northern Eagle, 80 or., 1720
• Friedemaker, 80 op., 1720
• Saint Peter, 80 op., 1720
• Saint Andrew, 80 op., 1721

70-gun

• Leferm, 70 op.
• Saint Alexander, 70 op., 1717
• Neptunus, 70 op., 1718

66-gun

• Ingermanland, 64 op., 1715
• Moscow, 64 op., 1715
• Revel, 68 op.
• Isaac-Victoria, 66 op., 1719
• Astrakhan, 66 or., 1720
• Saint Catherine, 66 op., 1721
• Panteleimon-Victoria, 66 or., 1721
• Derbent, 66 or., 1724

60-gun

• Saint Catherine, 60 op., 1713. Renamed Vyborg in 1721
• Shlisselburg, 60 or., 1714
• Narva, 60 or., 1714
• Malburg / Marlborough, 60 op. Built in 1714 in Holland by order of Russia. Decommissioned from the fleet in 1747.
• Syurireis (=Surrey?) - Sold to Spain in 1714 (as Real Macy, 60 op.)? (never part of the Russian fleet).

54 and 56 guns

• Poltava, 54 or., 1712
• Portsmouth, 54 op., 1714
• London, 54 op. (former English) - Acquired in 1714 by F.S. Saltykov, crashed on 1.10.1719
• St. Michael, 54 or., 1723
• Raphael, 54 op., 1724
• Nystadt, 56 op. (1721, built in Holland by order of Russia, came to Russia as Rotterdam) - Crashed in 1721 on the way to Russia.
• Untitled, 56 op. (1710, ex. French. Beau Parterre, ex. Dutch. Schonauwen, captured in 1711) - Captured by Sweden on the way to Russia and renamed Kronskepp.

50 and 52 guns

• Riga, 50 or., 1710
• Vyborg, 50 or., 1710
• Pernov, 50 or., 1710
• Untitled (1711), 50 op., 1711
• Gabriel, 52nd op., 1713
• Raphael, 52nd op., 1713
• Michael, 52nd op., 1713
• Randolph, 50 op. (former English Randolph) - Acquired in England in 1712 by T. Stealth, retired from the fleet in 1725.
• Bulinbrook, 52 op. (built in 1702, ex. English. Sussex) - Taken by the Swedes in 1714 on the way to Russia, returned to England.
• Oxford, 50 op. (built in 1699, former tanker field) - Acquired in 1712, sold in England in 1717.
• Victoria, 50 op. (1706, England, ex. French. Grand Vainqueur, (ex. French. Gaillard) Oaillard? ex. Dutch. Overwinnaer, captured in 1708) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1712 by F. S. Saltykov, converted into provisionship (1716), withdrawn from the fleet after 1739
• Straford 50 op. (built in 1700 in England, ex. English. Wintworth) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1712 by F. S. Saltykov, hospital (1717), firewall (1727), dismantled in 1732
• Fortuna, 50 op. (former English Fortune) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1713 by F.S. Saltykov, crashed in 1716.
• Armont, 50 op. (former English Armont) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1713 by F.S. Saltykov, fire ship (1734), taken apart in 1747.
• Arondel, 50 op. (former English Arundel) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1713 by F.S. Saltykov, withdrawn from the fleet in 1747.
• Pearl, 50 op. (1706/13, ex. Dutch. Groote Perel) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1713, hospital (after 1734).
• Richmond, 46 op. (former English) Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1714 by F. M. Saltykov. Taken apart 1721
• Britain, 50 op. (former English. Great Allen) - Acquired for the Russian fleet in 1714 by F.S. Saltykov, converted to pram (1728).
• Devonshire, 52 op. (1714, built in Holland by order of Russia) - Withdrawn from the fleet after 1737.
• Uriel, 52nd op., 1715
• Yagudiel, 52 or., 1715
• Selafail, 52nd op., 1715
• Varahail, 52nd op., 1715
• Prince Eugene, 50 op. (1721, built in Holland by order of Russia) - Withdrawn from the fleet after 1739.

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet 1725-1740

100-110-gun

• Peter the First and Second, 100 op., 1727
• Empress Anna, 114 op., 1737

66-gun

• Narva, 66 op.
• Saint Natalia, 66 op.
• Glory to Russia, 66 op., 1733
• Northern Eagle, 66 or., 1735
• Revel, 66 op., 1735
• Ingermanland, 66 op., 1735
• Foundation of Prosperity, 66 op., 1736
• Leferm, 66 op., 1739

54-gun

• Don't Touch Me, op. 54, 1725
• Peter II, 54 op. 1728
• Riga, 54 op., 1729 - rebuilt into a hospital ship.
• Vyborg, 54 op., 1729
• New Hope, 54 op., 1730
• City of Arkhangelsk, 54 or., 1735
• North Star, 54 op., 1735
• Neptunus, 54th op., 1736
• Azov, 54 or., 1736
• Astrakhan, 54 or., 1736
• Saint Andrew, 54th op., 1737
• Kronstadt, 54 op., 1738
• Saint Panteleimon, 54 op., 1740
• Saint Isaac, 54th op., 1740

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet (1741-1770)

80-100-gun

• Saint Paul, 80 op., 1743
• Zakhvari and Elisabeth, 100 op., 1748
• Saint John Chrysostom the First, 80 op., 1751
• St. Nicholas, 80 op., 1754
• Saint Paul, 80 op., 1755
• Saint Dmitry of Rostov, 100 or., 1758
• Saint Andrew the First-Called, 80 op., 1758
• Saint Clement Pope, 80 op., 1758
• Cyrus John (King Friedrich), 80 op., 1762
• Saint Catherine (ex. Prince George), 80 op., 1762
• Svyatoslav, 80 or., 1769. Converted into a two-decker 72-gun ship in England in 1769.
• Chesma (St. John the Baptist), 80 op., 1770

66-gun

• Happiness, 66 op., 1741
• Prosperity, 66 op., 1741
• Saint Peter, 66th op., 1741
• Catherine, 66 op., 1742
• Friedemaker, 66 op., 1742
• Forest, 66 op., 1743
• Poltava, 66 or., 1743
• Archangel Raphael, 66 op., 1745
• Holy Great Martyr Barbara, 66 op., 1745
• St. Sergius, 66 op., 1747
• Saint Alexander Nevsky, 66 op., 1749
• Saint John Chrysostom, 66 op., 1749
• Archangel Gabriel, 66 op., 1749
• Archangel Uriel, 66 op., 1749
• Moscow, 66 op., 1750
• Ingermanland, 66 op., 1752
• Natalia, 66 or., 1754
• Poltava, 66 or., 1754
• Astrakhan, 66 or., 1756
• Revel, 66 or., 1756
• Raphael, 66 op., 1758
• Untitled, 66 op., 1758
• Moscow, 66 op., 1760
• St. Peter, 66 op., 1760
• Saint James, 66th op., 1761
• St. Alexander Nevsky, 66 or., 1762
• Don't Touch Me, op. 66, 1763. Converted to frigate 1772, sold at Livorno 1775.
• Northern Eagle, 66 op., 1763. Sold in England in 1770.
• Eustathius Plakida, 66 or., 1763
• Januarius, 66 op., 1763 - Sold at Paros in 1775
• Saratov, 66 or., 1765
• Tver, 66 or., 1765
• Three Hierarchs, 66 op., 1766
• Three saints, 66 op., 1766. Sold in Paros in 1775.
• Europe, 66 op., 1768
• Vsevolod, 66 op., 1769
• Rostislav, 66 or., 1769
• St. George the Victorious, 66 or., 1770
• Count Orlov, 66th edition, 1770
• Memory of Eustathius, 66 or., 1770
• Victory, 66 op., 1770

54-gun

• St. Nicholas - 54 op., 1748
• Varahail - 54 or., 1749
• Shlisselburg - 54 or., 1752
• Varahail - 54 or., 1752
• Neptunus - 54 op., 1758
• City of Arkhangelsk - 54 or., 1761
• Asia - 54 or., 1768. Lost in the Aegean Sea in 1773 (439 people died)

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet (1771-1796)

100-gun

• John the Baptist, 100 op. Broken in 1802 in Reval
• Three hierarchs, 100 op. Excluded from the lists after 1792.
• Rostislav, 100 op. Broken in 1802 in Reval
• Saratov, 100 op. Broken down at Reval in 1803
• Twelve Apostles, 100 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1802
• Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir, 100 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1802
• Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, 100 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1807
• Evseny, 100 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1803
• Untitled, 100 op. Finished with a set, but in 1798 it was broken down due to dilapidation.

74-gun

• Holy Great Martyr Isidore (1772), 74 op. Broken in 1784 in Kronstadt.
• Holy Great Martyr Panteleimon (1772), 74 op. Broken in 1784 in Kronstadt
• Ezekiel (1773), 78 op. Timberovan in 1782 and in 1793. in Kronstadt. Broken down in Kronstadt after 1797
• Tsar Constantine (1779), 74 op. Last mention in 1790
• Pobedoslav (ship of the line, 1782), 74 op. Broken in 1804 in Kronstadt.
• Yaroslav (ship of the line, 1784), 74 op. Broken in 1798 in Kronstadt.
• Vladislav (ship of the line, 1784), 74 op. Captured by the Swedes on 6. 7. 1788 in the Battle of Hogland
• Vseslav (ship of the line, 1785), 74 op. Broken in 1798 in Kronstadt.
• Mstislav (ship of the line, 1785), 74 op. Broken in 1811 in Kronstadt.
• Saint Helena (ship of the line), 1785, 74 op. Timberovan in 1798-1804 He retired from the fleet on September 29, 1808.
• Saint Peter (ship of the line, 1786), 74 op. In 1803 it was converted into a shop.
• Cyrus John (ship of the line, 1786), 74 op. In 1798 it was broken in Kronstadt.
• Alexander Nevsky (ship of the line, 1787), 74 op. In 1795-1797. timbered price Kronstadt | Floating crane (since 1804), broken in 1814
• Sysoi the Great (ship of the line, 1788), 74 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1804
• Maxim the Confessor (ship of the line, 1788), 74 op. Broken in Kronstadt in 1803
• Prince Gustav (ship of the line, 1788), 74 op., Swedish prize. Sunk 4. 11. 1798 in the North Sea.
• Boris (ship of the line, 1789), 74 op. Converted to shop in 1802
• Gleb (ship of the line, 1789), 74 op. Timberovan in 1798. In 1802 he was turned into a floating barracks, in 1805 - into a hospital.
• Sophia Magdalene (ship of the line, 1790), 1774, Swedish prize. Dismantled after 1805
• Peter (ship of the line, 1790), 74 op. Broken in 1821 in Kronstadt.
• Alexei (ship of the line, 1790), 74 op. Broken in 1815 in Kronstadt.
• Memory of Eustathius (ship of the line, 1791), 74 op. Broken in 1817 in Revel.
• Isidore (ship of the line, 1795), 74 op. In 1801 he was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet.
• Elizabeth (ship of the line, 1795), 74 op. Broken in 1817 in Revel.
• Vsevolod (ship of the line, 1796), 74 op. Died 14. 8. 1808 in battle with English ships.

66-gun

• Victor (ship of the line, 1771), 66 op.
• Vyacheslav (ship of the line, 1771), 66 op.
• Dmitry Donskoy (ship of the line, 1771), 66 op.
• Myrrhbearers (ship of the line), (Holy Myrrhbearers), 66 op.
• Holy Prince Vladimir (ship of the line, 1771) 66 op.
• Alexander Nevsky (ship of the line, 1772), 66 op.
• Boris and Gleb (ship of the line, 1772), 66 op.
• Preslav (ship of the line, 1772), 66 op.
• Fight (ship of the line, 1772), 66 op.
• Ingermanland (ship of the line, 1773), 66 op.
• Asia (ship of the line, 1773), 66 op.
• America (ship of the line, 1773), 66 op.
• Glory to Russia (ship of the line, 1774), 66 op.
• Welfare (ship of the line, 1774)
• Solid (ship of the line, 1774)
• St. Nicholas (ship of the line, 1775)
• Brave (ship of the line, 1775)
• Spiridon (ship of the line, 1779), 66 op.
• David of Thessalonica (ship of the line, 1779)
• Touch Me Not (Ship of the Line, 1780)
• Januarius (ship of the line, 1780)
• Victorious (ship of the line, 1780)
• Svyatoslav (ship of the line, 1781)
• Three Hierarchs (ship of the line, 1781)
• Vysheslav (ship of the line, 1781)
• Rodislav (ship of the line, 1782)
• Pobedoslav (ship of the line, 1782)
• Mecheslav (ship of the line)
• Boleslav (ship of the line, 1783)
• Izyaslav (ship of the line, 1784)
• Panteleimon (ship of the line, 1786)
• Northern Eagle (ship of the line, 1787)
• Prokhor (ship of the line, 1788)
• Parmen (ship of the line, 1789)
• Nicanor (ship of the line, 1789)
• Pimen (ship of the line, 1789)
• Prince Carl (ship of the line, 1790)
• Emgaten (ship of the line, 1790)
• Retvisan (ship of the line, 1790)
• Finland (ship of the line, 1790), 56 op.
• Iona (ship of the line, 1790)
• Philip (ship of the line, 1790)
• Count Orlov (ship of the line, 1791), Mikhail (ship of the line, 1796)
• Europe (ship of the line, 1793)
• Asia (ship of the line, 1796)

Battleships of the Black Sea Fleet (1780-1796)

80-gun

• Joseph ΙΙ, Nativity of Christ (from 15. 3. 1790), 80 op. Disassembled in 1800
• Saint Paul, 84/82 op. Broken down in 1810

74-gun

• John the Baptist, 74/78 op. Turkish Prize. In 1800, in Sevastopol, it was converted into a battery.
• Saint Peter, 74 op. Shop since 1803
• Saints Zacharias and Elizabeth, 74 op. Converted to shop in 1803

66-gun

• Transfiguration of the Lord (ship of the line), Glory to Catherine (until 3. 3. 1778), 66 op. Last mentioned in 1791
• Saint Paul (ship of the line, 1784), 66 op. Dismantled after 1794
• Mary Magdalene (ship of the line, 1785), 66 op. Captured by the Turks on September 13, 1787
• Alexander (ship of the line), 66 op. Crashed near metro station Tarkhankut on 24.9.1786
• Saint Vladimir (ship of the line), 66/70 op. Dismantled after 1804
• Martyr Leonty (ship of the line, 1788), 58 op. Turkish Prize. Dismantled after 1791
• Mary Magdalene (ship of the line, 1789), 66 op.
• Theophany of the Lord (ship of the line, 1791), 66/72 op. Dismantled in 1804 in Sevastopol.
• Holy Trinity (ship of the line, 1791), 66/72 op. Dismantled in 1804 in Sevastopol.

Frigates considered ships of the line (1787-1792)

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet (1797-1824)

100-130 guns

• Grace (ship of the line, 1800), 130 op. Broken in 1814
• Gabriel (ship of the line, 1802), 100 op. In 1804 the building was sheathed with copper sheets. On September 9, 1812, it was handed over to the port, in 1819 it was broken up in Kronstadt.
• Brave (ship of the line, 1808), 120 op. Timbered in 1817. Run aground on 7. 11. 1824 in the military harbor of Kronstadt. Dismantled there in 1828-1829.
• Rostislav (ship of the line, 1813), 110 op. Dismantled at Kronstadt in 1827.
• Leipzig (ship of the line, 1816), 110 op. Stranded 7. 11. 1824, refloated (15. 12.), "fit for navigation in the local sea." In 1829 he was turned into a shop.
• Solid (ship of the line, 1819), 110 op. Stranded 7. 11. 1824, taken apart in 1828

80 and 90 guns

• Raphael (ship of the line, 1802), 80/82 op. Handed over to the English fleet at Lisbon on 23.8.1808
• Uriel (ship of the line, 1802), 76/80 op. In 1804, the ship's hull was sheathed with copper sheets. Surrendered to the French government 10/10/1809
• Bold (ship of the line, 1808), 88 op. Timberovan in 1817 in Kronstadt. Broken in 1819
• Emgeiten (1822), Kronstadt (1829), 84 op.

74-gun

• Northern Eagle (ship of the line, 1797), 74 op. Broken in 1809 in Kronstadt.
• Untitled (ship of the line), 74 op. Only the keel was laid. Broken in 1798
• Moscow (ship of the line, 1799), 74 op. In 1804 it was sheathed with copper boards. Passed over to France in 1808.
• Yaroslav (ship of the line, 1799)
• Saint Peter (ship of the line, 1799
• The Conception of Saint Anne (Ship of the Line, 1800)
• Archangel Michael (ship of the line, 1800), 64/72 op.
• Selafail (ship of the line, 1803), 74 op.
• Strong (ship of the line, 1804)
• Solid (ship of the line, 1805), 74 op. Laid down as a 90-gun, but in 1803 converted to 74-gun.
• Eagle (ship of the line, 1805
• Northern Star (ship of the line, 1807)
• Borey (ship of the line, 1807
• Touch Me Not (Ship of the Line, 1809)
• Three Hierarchs (ship of the line, 1809)
• Svyatoslav (ship of the line, 1809)
• Memory of Evstafiy (ship of the line, 1810)
• Prince Gustav (ship of the line, 1810)
• Chesma (ship of the line, 1811)
• Berlin (ship of the line, 1813)
• Hamburg (ship of the line, 1813)
• Dresden (ship of the line, 1813)
• Lübeck (ship of the line, 1813)
• Arsis (ship of the line, 1816)
• Katzbach (ship of the line, 1816)
• Retvisan (ship of the line, 1818)
• Three Saints (ship of the line, 1819)
• Saint Andrew (ship of the line, 1821)
• Prokhor (ship of the line, 1823)
• Prince Vladimir (ship of the line, 1824)

66-gun

• Pobeda (ship of the line, 1797), 66 op. Listed in 1801 in the Black Sea Fleet.
• Powerful (ship of the line, 1805), 66 op. 29. 9. 1808 surrendered to the English fleet.
• Ambulance (ship of the line, 1805), 66 op.? 29. 9. 1808 surrendered to the English fleet.
• Victorious (ship of the line, 1809), 64 op. In 1821 it was converted into a blockship in Sveaborg.
• Vsevolod (ship of the line, 1809), 66 op. In 1821 it was converted into a blockship in Sveaborg.
• Saratov (ship of the line, 1809), 66 op. In October 1812, he sat on the stones near Fr. Grohar and was dismantled.
• Emmanuel (ship of the line, 1824), 66 op. Dismantled in 1833 for firewood.

Battleships of the Black Sea Fleet (1797-1824)

110-gun

• "Yagudiel", 110 op. Disassembled after
• "Ratny", 110 op. Disassembled after
• "Poltava", 110 op. Dismantled in Sevastopol in the city of
• "The Twelve Apostles", 110 op. Dismantled in the city of Kherson.
• "Paris", 110 op. Converted to blockade in
• "Emperor Franz", 110 op. Disassembled in

80-gun

• Panteleimon (ship of the line, 1824), 80 op. Converted to blockship in 1838.

74-gun

• Simeon and Anna (1797), 74 op. Last mentioned in 10. 1804
• Saint Michael (1798) / Michael, 74 op. Hospital in 1807. Abandoned in Corfu on 12/12/1807, sold.
• Tolskaya Mother of God (1799), 74 op. Broken by a storm on December 8, 1804 off the coast of the Caucasus.
• Mary Magdalene II (1799), 74 op. Brandwacht in 1807-1810 in the Sevastopol. Dismantled after 1810
• Saint Paraskeva (1799), 74 op. Surrendered in Corfu 27. 9. 1809 France.
• Isidore (1795), 74 op. - transferred in 1801 from the Baltic Fleet to the Black Sea.
• Right (1804), 74/76 op. Last mentioned in 1813
• Anapa (1807), 74 op. Converted to blockship in 1827.
• Maria (1808), 74 op. Dismantled after 1812
• Dmitry Donskoy (1809), 74 op. He took an active part in the Russian-Turkish war of 1806-1812. Last mentioned in 1818
• Asia (1810), 74 op. Broken down in 1825
• Forest (1811) / Forest, 74 op. Converted to blockship in 1825.
• Maximus the Confessor (1812), 74 op. Dismantled in 1832 in Sevastopol.
• Kulm (1813), 74 op. Converted to blockship in 1826.
• Brienne (1813), 74 op. Converted to blockship in 1826.
• Red (1816), 74 op. Converted to blockship in 1827.
• Nicholas (1816), 74 op. In 1827 he was turned into a bloc.
• Ambulance (ship of the line, 1818), 74/81 op. Hospital from 1829. Dismantled after 1830.
• Nord-Adler (1820), 74/91 op. Broken down in 1839
• Pimen (1823), 74/95 op. Converted to blockship in 1839.
• Parmen (1823), 74/89 op. Converted to blockship in 1835. Broken up in 1842.

66-gun

• Varahail (1800), 68 op. Dismantled after 1813
• Asia (1796), 66 op. - transferred in 1801 from the Baltic Fleet to the Black Sea Fleet.
• Victory (1797), 66 op. - transferred in 1801 from the Baltic Fleet to the Black Sea.

Battleships of the Baltic Fleet (1825-1855)

110-130 gun ships

• Emperor Alexander I (ship of the line), 1827, 110 op.
• Emperor Peter I (ship of the line), 1829, 110/118 op. Timberovan in 1850 Excluded from the lists 5. 1. 1863
• St. George the Victorious (ship of the line, 1829), 110/118 op. Broken down in 1858
• Russia (1839), 120/128 op. Since 1857 it has been used as a floating barracks.
• Tsesarevich (ship of the line), 135 op.
• Sinop (1858), 135 op.
• Emperor Nicholas Ι (1860), 111 op.

90 gun ships

• Emgaten (1828), 94 op. Timbered in Kronstadt in 1846. Taken apart in 1858.

84 gun ships

• Gangut (ship of the line, 1825), 84 op.
• Empress Alexandra (ship of the line, 1827), 84/96 op.
• Poltava (ship of the line, 1829), 84/90 op.
• Don't Touch Me (Ship of the Line, 1832), 84/92 op.
• Vladimir (ship of the line, 1833), 84/92 op.
• Lefort (ship of the line, 1835), 84/94 op.
• Vola (ship of the line, 1837), 84/92 op.
• Andrei (ship of the line, 1844), 84 op.
• Prokhor (ship of the line, 1851), 84 op.
• Eagle (ship of the line, 1854), 84 op.
• Retvizan (ship of the line, 1855), 84/81 op.

74 gun ships

• Tsar Konstantin (ship of the line, 1825), 74 op.
• Ezekiel (ship of the line, 1826), 74/80 op.
• Azov, (1826) 74/80 op.
• Alexander Nevsky (ship of the line, 1826), 74 op.
• Grand Duke Mikhail (ship of the line, 1827), 74/86 op.
• Katzbach (ship of the line, 1828), 74/80 op.
• Kultm (ship of the line, 1828), 74/90 op.
• Arsis (ship of the line, 1828), 74/80 op. Timberovan in the city of Kronstadt. After the city, he was turned into a blockade in Sveaborg.
• Lesnoye (ship of the line, 1829), 74/80 op.
• Narva (ship of the line, 1829), 74/80 op.
• Brienne (ship of the line, 1829), 74/80 op.
• Red (ship of the line, 1830), 74/80 op.
• Borodino (ship of the line, 1830), 74/80 op.
• Berezino (ship of the line, 1830), 74/80 op.
• Smolensk (ship of the line, 1830), 74/80 op.
• Memory of Azov (ship of the line, 1831), 74/86 op.
• Eagle (ship of the line, 1833), 74/80 op.
• Ferchampenoise (ship of the line, 1833), 74/82 op.
• Ostrolenka (ship of the line, 1834), 74/80 op.
• Leipzig (ship of the line, 1836), 74/80 op.
• Konstantin (ship of the line), 74 op.
• Retvizan (ship of the line, 1839), 74/80 op.
• Finland (ship of the line, 1840), 74/80 op.
• Vyborg (ship of the line, 1841), 74 op.
• Ingermanland (ship of the line, 1842), 74/80 op.
• Narva (ship of the line, 1846), 74 op.
• Yezerkiel (ship of the line, 1847), 74 op.
• Red (ship of the line, 1847), 74 op.
• Memory of Azov (ship of the line, 1848), 74 op.
• Sysoy the Great (ship of the line, 1849), 74 op.
• Borodino (ship of the line, 1850), 74 op.
• Vilagos (ship of the line, 1851), 74 op.

Battleships of the Black Sea Fleet (1825-1855)

110-130 guns

• Derbent, ship of the line, (1826), Paris (from 2. 1827), 110/112 op. Disassembled in
• Memory of Eustache (ship of the line, 1830), 84/108 op. Deducted to port(). Disassembled in
• Adrianople (ship of the line, 1830), 84/108 op. Deducted to port(). Disassembled in
• Warsaw (ship of the line), 120 op. Disassembled in
• Three Saints (ship of the line, 1838), 120/130 op. Timberovan in the city. Flooded on 11. 9. at the entrance to the Sevastopol Bay.
• The Twelve Apostles (Ship of the Line, 1841), 120/135 op. Hospital from 18. 12. Flooded in the roadstead on 13. 2.
• Paris (1849), 120/130 op. Flooded on 28.8. when leaving Sevastopol.
• Grand Duke Konstantin (1852), 120 op. Flooded on 28.8. when leaving Sevastopol.

84-gun

• Chesma, 84/91 guns.
• Anapa (ship of the line, 1829), 84/108 guns.
• Memory of Evstafiy (ship of the line, 1830), 84/108 guns.
• Adrianople (ship of the line, 1830), 84/108 guns.
• Empress Catherine (ship of the line, 1831), 84/96 guns.
• Silistria (ship of the line, 1835), 84/88 guns.
• Sultan Mahmud (ship of the line, 1836), 86 guns.
• Three Hierarchs (ship of the line, 1838), 84/90 guns.
• Gabriel (ship of the line, 1839), 84/86 guns.
• Selafail (ship of the line, 1840), 84/96 guns.
• Uriel (ship of the line, 1840), 84/96 guns.
• Varna (ship of the line, 1842), 84/96 guns.
• Yagudiel (ship of the line, 1843), 84/96 guns.
• Rostislav (ship of the line, 1844), 84/96 guns.
• Svyatoslav (ship of the line, 1845), 84/96 guns.
• Chesma, 84/72 guns.
• Empress Maria (ship of the line, 1853), 84/90 guns.

Picking up wallpaper for your desktop, I came across several photos of sailing ships flying the Russian flag. Surprised and intrigued me. Yes, and forced to raise materials on this issue. So the sailboats of Russia.

Bark "Kruzenshtern"

The company Laiesch und K, which existed in Hamburg at the beginning of the 20th century, owned a total of 56 barges, which had steel hulls and spars and excellent driving performance. Their names traditionally began with the letter "P" - "Flying P". The last of these was the four-masted barque Padua built in 1926 at the shipyard in Geestemünde. Until 1936, he carried saltpeter and phosphates from Chile to Germany and wheat from Australia, making two record crossings to Australia in 67 days, with an average voyage of 88 days. Since the beginning of the war, the bark was used as a cargo lighter, and when the fleet of Nazi Germany was divided, it was transferred to the Soviet Union as an indemnity.

In January 1946, the Soviet flag was hoisted on the ship, and it received a new name - in honor of the great Russian navigator Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern (1770 - 1846), commander of the first Russian round-the-world expedition on the sloops "Nadezhda" and "Neva".

The condition of the vessel was not the best, there were no funds for repairs, and until 1955 the Kruzenshtern served as a floating barracks without going to sea. In June 1955, he was first taken to the raid for testing. The bark easily completed all the given maneuvers, and it was decided to use it as a training vessel, equipped according to modern requirements. In 1959 - 1961 the ship was overhauled. Two diesel engines of 588 kW each and all the necessary equipment were installed on it.

From 1961 to 1966 Kruzenshtern is a research ship of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Bark visited with expeditions Bermuda, Jamaica, Gibraltar, Casablanca, Halifax and other ports. Since 1966 - a training sailing ship with a home port - Riga, since 1981. - Tallinn, and since 1991 - Kaliningrad.

Kruzenshtern is the winner of the 1992 and 1994 Boston-Liverpool races, showing a record speed of 17.4 knots. This was not the limit, but given the age of the vessel, it was considered dangerous to develop a high speed.

In 1993, the barque again underwent a major overhaul in Wismar (Germany) with the replacement of engines and the installation of the most modern navigation and communication systems. It is still one of the largest sailing ships in the world (only the sail-motor training ship Sedov is larger than it).

Now, under the guidance of qualified mentors, cadets of nautical schools receive their first maritime knowledge and skills on the sailing and motor barque Kruzenshtern. Every year, about 800 young men who have chosen a maritime specialty practice here.

PERFORMANCE DATA

Maximum length with bowsprit, m - 114.5
Length between perpendiculars, m - 95.5
Midsection width, m - 14.05
Board height, m ​​- 8.5
Freeboard height, m ​​- 2.22
Draft at full displacement, m - 6.85
Empty displacement, t - 3760
Displacement in full load, t - 5725
Maximum speed under engines, knots - 9.4
Speed ​​under sail, knots - up to 16
Power of two main engines, l. With. – 1600
Sail area, m2 - 3655
Navigation area - unlimited
Crew size - 70
Number of places for cadets - 203

Bark "Sedov"

The ship was built at the Krupp shipyard in Kiel (Germany) in 1921. Its first owner, Carl Winnen, named the ship after his daughter, Magdalena Winnen. The vessel was designed and built for the purpose of transporting bulk cargoes between the ports of Europe and South America, Australia, Southeast Asia and Oceania. In 1936, Carl Winnen sold this four-masted barque to the shipping company Norddeutscher Lloyd. The new shipowner equipped the vessel with cabins for 70 cadets and began to use it both as a cargo and training ship. The barque was given a new name - "Kommondor Jensen".

After the defeat of fascist Germany and the end of the Second World War, in accordance with the decisions of the Potsdam Conference, the division of the military and auxiliary German fleets was carried out between the allies. The Soviet Union, in compensation for the sailing ships lost during the war, received, in particular, the Commodore Jensen ship, renamed in honor of the famous Russian polar explorer Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov (1877 - 1914).

On January 11, 1946, the Sedov sailboat was handed over to the Soviet Navy as a training ship. He made his first sea voyage in this quality in 1952.
Since 1957, "Sedov", remaining in the class of a training vessel, began to perform the functions of an oceanographic vessel. In the course of these studies, the crew and the team of scientists, by joint efforts, erased many "blank spots" from the map of the Atlantic Ocean.

In 1965, the ship was transferred to the jurisdiction of the USSR Ministry of Fisheries for the purpose of training the personnel of the fishing fleet. Riga became Sedov's home port. In the early 70s, the barque was going through difficult times and almost died. In anticipation of a long overdue repair, the ship stood in Leningrad for almost four years and waited for the decision of its fate. The new owners essentially planned to scrap the barque, proving the futility of the idea of ​​updating the training vessel. But more than 100 famous sailors and heads of maritime schools came to the defense of the veteran. At different times, each of them lived the same life with the Sedov, sharing the difficulties and romance of sailing together. The initiative of the sailors was heard and the ship was sent for repairs to Kronstadt, where, over the course of six years of reconstruction, the old 500-horsepower engine was replaced with a new one, with a capacity of 1180 hp, electronic navigation equipment was supplied and places for 164 students were equipped. The ship was put back into service in 1981.
The Sedov made its first voyage, now as the flagship of the training fleet of the USSR Ministry of Fisheries, to Denmark, where at that time the 300th anniversary of the birth of the Dane Vitus Jonassen Bering was celebrated.

In 1983, for the first time during its stay in the Soviet Union, the ship visited its native port of Bremerhavn, where our sailors invited former members of the German crews of the sailing ship, including one of its first owners, on board.

In 1984, the Sedov made a voyage dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the founding of the city of Arkhangelsk. The flight, which began in the Baltic, passed around Scandinavia. In July, the sailboat arrived in Arkhangelsk, where the holiday began.

During this voyage, declared a voyage of peace, visitors to the Soviet barque "Sedov" signed on the Sail of Peace. There was also the signature of the Danish cartoonist Herluf Bidstrup.

In 1986, the Sedov took part in its first international races and since then has become a frequent participant in them, including the 1992 Columbus Regatta. Since 1989, in addition to domestic cadets, the ship has also accepted foreign adventurers for training.

In April 1991, in connection with Latvia's independence, Russia transferred the ship from Riga to Murmansk and transferred it to the Murmansk State Technical University.
"Sedov" - a four-masted barque, is the largest sailing ship in the world of traditional construction and the second largest after the 5-masted Royal Clipper. UPS "Sedov" is listed in the "Guinness Book of Records" as the largest of the sailing ships that have survived to this day.

Despite its venerable age, the sailboat continues to participate in regattas.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Nationality: Russia
Home port: Murmansk
Year built: 1921
Shipyard: Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel
Vessel type: 4-masted barque
Case: steel
Displacement: 6148 t
Length: 117.50 m.
Draft: 6.70 m.
Width: 14.70 m.
Mast height (from waterline): 58 m
Sailing area: 4.192 m²
Number of sails: 32 pcs
Wind energy: 8.000 HP
Engine brand: Vartsila
Engine power: 2.800 HP
Speed ​​under sail: up to 18 knots
Hull length: 109 m
Tonnage: 3556 tons
Sailing area: 4192 m2
Crew: 70
Cadets: 164

At the end of the 80s, ships of the same type were built in Poland: “Gift of Youth” for the city of Gdynia, “Druzhba” for the city of Odessa, “Mir” for the city of Leningrad, “Khersonesos” for the city of Sevastopol, “Pallada” and “Nadezhda” for the city of Vladivostok.

Training sailing ship "Mir" (training frigate)

Training sailing ship "Mir" was built in 1987 in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard. As one of the five training sailing ships of this type. December 1, 1987 - the flag of the Soviet Union was raised on the stern flagpole of the "Mir" and then the ship arrived at its home port - Leningrad. State Academy. adm. S.O. Makarova (at that time the Leningrad Higher Marine Engineering School) became its shipowner. The first captain was V.N. Antonov.
From 1989 to 1991, the ship belonged to the Baltic Shipping Company, then the Academy again became the owner of the ship.

From the very beginning, the ship was designed and built as a training ship, intended for swimming practice for cadets of the navigation faculty and taking part in sailing ship races.

At different times, from 70 to 140 cadets not only of the State Marine Academy, but also of other maritime educational institutions of the former Soviet Union, as well as England and the USA, practiced on board the ship.

"Mir" actively participates in the races of sailing ships. A significant event was the participation of "Mir" in the international grand regatta "Columbus-92", dedicated to the 500th anniversary of the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. "Mir" came to the finish line of this race as an absolute winner. The prize was presented to the crew by King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

"Mir" took part in the transatlantic regatta "Tall Ships 2000". "Mir" is the only class "A" ship that won the main prize of this race twice in a row (2003 and 2004).

The training sailing ship "Mir" is the current symbol of the maritime St. Petersburg, the bearer of the idea of ​​​​international cooperation between port cities, a kind of ambassador of St. Petersburg in foreign countries.

According to the practice developed in recent years, Mir operates in the area of ​​the Baltic and North Seas from April to October, visiting from 15 to 20 ports during the season. Cadets of the State Maritime Academy and other maritime educational institutions practice on the ship.

Main technical characteristics:

Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 110 m
maximum width - 14 m
draft - 6.7 m
displacement - 2256 t
total engine power - 1100 hp
mast height: fore and mainsail - 49.5 m, mizzen - 46.5 m
sail area - 2771 sq.m.
crew (including 144 cadets) - 199 people

Training sailing ship "Nadezhda" (training frigate)

"Nadezhda" is a training three-masted ship belonging to the Maritime State University. G. I. Nevelskoy (Vladivostok). Built in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard in 1991. The flag of the Russian Federation was raised on June 5, 1992.

This three-masted ship was built according to the prototype of sailing ships of the early 20th century; has a full sailing armament of the "ship" type. 26 sails are controlled exclusively by hand and are the main propulsion of the vessel. Two engines driven by one controllable pitch propeller are used for sailing in stormy conditions, as well as when entering and leaving the port. The frigate has full sailing equipment.

The history of the Russian fleet knows several sailing ships with the name "Nadezhda". The modern frigate "Nadezhda" is a continuation of the life of sailing ships that have left a good memory of themselves: as the first training sailing ship in Russia, as the first Russian ship to circumnavigate the world, as a ship whose name is given to straits, capes, an island. In the history of the fleet, there are few ships with such a rich history, ships that have served their Fatherland so regularly, leaving their mark both in military affairs and in science.

On account of the sailboat - dozens of expeditions and voyages to different latitudes. Each sea voyage is a difficult test both for the ship itself, and for its crew, and for the cadets who pass their sixth “floating” semester on the high seas. During long trips, cadets not only perform all ship work, participate in all-hands work, stand watch on the bridge, but also study. There are several basic subjects studied on the voyage. According to the captain of the frigate, it is important for the cadets to develop an understanding of the real scale of the World Ocean. For example, during the "round the world" with the participation of cadets, laser and acoustic sounding of the sea mass was continuously carried out, water samples were taken from various depths with their subsequent analysis. Laser sounding of the atmosphere was regularly carried out, for which there is a unique Lidar installation on board the sailboat.

Currently, the frigate continues the glorious traditions of its predecessors and is used as a sailing training and research vessel.

Tactical and technical characteristics
Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 109.4 m
Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 7.3 m
Displacement - 2,984 tons
Engine power - 2x450 kW
Main mast height - 49.5 m
Sailing area - 2768 sq.m
Crew - 50 people
Number of places for trainees - 143

Training sailing ship "Pallada" (training frigate)

"Pallada" is a three-masted training ship belonging to the Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (Vladivostok).

Named after the frigate "Pallada" of the Russian navy, which in 1852-1855 made a voyage from Kronstadt to the shores of Japan with the diplomatic mission of Vice Admiral E.V. Putyatin. This three-masted ship was built according to the prototype of sailing ships of the early 20th century; has a full armament of the "frigate" type. Two motors driven by one controllable pitch propeller are used for sailing in stormy conditions, as well as when entering and leaving the port. The controllable pitch screw can be moved to the so-called "vane position" to reduce drag when sailing.

The frigate "Pallada" set the official speed record of 18.7 knots for class "A" sailing ships. However, during the 2007-2008 circumnavigation, the Pallada set a new record of 18.8 knots. This record was recorded in the logbook, and also filmed on video, but not officially issued.

Currently, the frigate is used as a sailing training and research vessel.

Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 6.6 m
Displacement - 2,284 tons
Engine power - 2 × 419 kW
Main mast height - 49.5 m
Number of sails - 26
Sailing area - 2771 m²
Crew - 51 people.
Number of places for trainees - 144

Training sailing ship "Khersones" (training frigate)

"Khersones" is a three-masted training ship (a ship with full sailing equipment) belonging to the Kerch State Marine Technological University (port of registry - Kerch).

Built in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard named after Lenin in 1989. The first name is "Alexander Grin", but at the end of the construction, due to political and religious considerations, in honor of the 1000th anniversary of the baptism of Rus', it was named "Chersonesos".

From 1991 to 2006, on a lease basis, it was operated by the Inmaris travel company as a cruise ship. Since 2006, due to a financial dispute between the lessee and the shipowner, the operation has been discontinued, the vessel is laid up in the port of Kerch. Since 2006, the ship has not gone to sea.

Currently, the frigate is the flagship of the training fleet of the Kerch State Marine Technological University. Although there is a dispute between the Federal Agency for Fishery and the Ministry of Transport of Russia for the right to own the vessel. But on October 9, 2015, Khersones arrived at the Sevastopol branch of Zvezdochka for repairs. As of December 10, 2015, the frigate was docked for repairs.

Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 108.6 m
Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 7.3 m
Displacement - 2,987 tons
Main mast height - 51 m
The ship's power plant is two main Zultzer-Zigelski diesel engines with a total capacity of 1140 hp. s. (2 x 570)

Two-masted motor-sailing schooner "Nadezhda"

There is a legend that the schooner, later known as “Nadezhda”, is the “Sterna” (“Stern”) yacht of Felix Graf von Luckner, the national hero of Germany during the First World War.

"Sterna" was built in 1912 in Leiderdorp (Netherlands) at the shipyard of Gebrouders as a steel sail logger for fishing. When built in 1912, the schooner was equipped with a two-stroke two-cylinder engine manufactured by Deutsche Werke (Deutsche Werke) with a capacity of 70 hp. With.

On August 2, 1927, the schooner was sold to Bernhard Heinecke from Hamburg, who converted her into a universal cargo ship and renamed her "Edelgard" ("Edelgard").

On July 3, 1936, the schooner was sold to Count Felix von Luckner. Luckner rebuilt the schooner, changing the bow, installed a new 140-horsepower main engine and converted it into a comfortable seaworthy yacht. The schooner received a new name "Seeteufel" ("Seeteufel" - German "Sea Devil"). Under this name and under the command of von Luckner, from April 18, 1937 to July 19, 1939, the schooner circumnavigated the world along the route.
The crew of the ship consisted of scouts and cartographers. Under the guise of a round-the-world trip, the main goal was to collect information about the ports of a potential enemy before the start of the war. The voyage was prepared by the propaganda and naval intelligence services of fascist Germany.

In 1943, the schooner was acquired by the outstanding sea diver Hans Haas for the institute he was creating for marine research. The schooner was to become an expedition ship and a base for underwater filming and photography. However, it turned out to be impossible to transfer the schooner from Stettin, where she was at that time.

On February 12, 1947, the schooner was transferred as a trophy to the Naval Order of Lenin Academy. K. E. Voroshilova. The schooner was named "Hope" and, together with another schooner "Study", was included in the detachment of training ships of the Leningrad Naval Preparatory School. On June 14, 1948, the schooner was transferred to the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School. On July 24, 1956, the schooner was transferred to the yacht club of the Leningrad Naval Base. In 1958, the schooner was renamed PKZ-134.

On June 18, 1958, she was expelled from the USSR Navy and donated to the Central Yacht Club of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, receiving the name "Leningrad" and becoming the flagship of the yacht club. In 1962, the schooner was overhauled and re-equipped at the Almaz plant. A 3D12 diesel engine (300 hp) was installed as the main one, a poop and a new wheelhouse appeared, significantly changing the silhouette of the schooner.
On the schooner, cadets of naval schools, students of the Children's and Youth Sports School, and students of oceanography practiced. The schooner repeatedly participated in the filming of Soviet, Russian and foreign filmmakers, playing the roles of both frigates and Pomeranian schooners.

From 1970 to 1979, the schooner was the main participant in the city holidays of the Scarlet Sails graduates. After the city of Leningrad became St. Petersburg, in 1993 the former name "Hope" was returned to the schooner. Due to financial difficulties and poor technical condition since 2005, the schooner was practically not operated.

In 2009-2010, at the Rechnaya shipyard in St. Petersburg, work was carried out to repair the hull of the schooner, replanned the lower rooms, changed the architecture of the hull above the main deck, replaced the standing and running rigging, sewed new sails, moved the main engine, installed two new diesel generator, new radio navigation equipment.

Since 2014 - the Fund for Support, Reconstruction and Revival of Historic Ships and Classic Yachts of the St. Petersburg Yacht Club.

In 2004, the Felix von Luckner Society was founded in Halle. One of the goals of this society is "the repatriation of the Seeteufel schooner to Germany."

Displacement - 180 (200) t
Length - 36 m
Width - 6.6 m
Board height - 3.5 (3.2) m
Draft - 2.8 m
Mast height - 22.0 m from the waterline
Number of sails - 9
Sailing area - 340 (460) m²

Sailing training vessel "Young Baltiets"

The training sailing vessel "Young Baltiets" was laid down on February 4, 1988 at the Baltiysky Zavod im. S. Ordzhonikidze in the city of Leningrad. On June 2, 1989, the state flag of the USSR was raised on the ship.

The first independent exit from the berth of the plant in May 1989. The crew of the ship is 52 people, including 32 trainees, cabin boys aged 12 to 18 years. In the summer of 1990, the sailboat visited German ports: Kiel, Travemünde, Bremerhaven. After these visits, invitations began to come to participate in sailing holidays held in Germany. In 1993, in the Cutty Sark race at the first stage in group A, the ship took sixth place after well-known sailboats like Mir, Kruzernshtern and Sedov. Abroad, they began to show interest in the sailboat, because it turned out to be the only sailboat on which schoolchildren are practicing. Over the years, "Young Baltiets" has received many invitations from both Europe and America, and visited many European ports.

Tactical and technical characteristics:
Length - 48.4 m
Width - 8.4 m
Height - 36.0 m
Displacement - 441t / 132t
Sailing area - 500 sq.m
The power of the main mover is 408 hp.
Travel speed under the main propulsion unit - 9.5 knots
Speed ​​under sail - 10.5 knots
Crew - 20 people
Interns - 32 people

The current copy of the historical frigate Shtandart.

Shtandart is a copy of the Shtandart frigate of the time of Peter the Great, built by the non-governmental non-profit organization Project Shtandart.

In 1994, Vladimir Martus, with an initiative group, took up the construction of a historical replica of the ship. On September 4, 1999, the Shtandart was solemnly launched at the Petrovsky Admiralty shipyard. The frigate is used by the non-governmental non-profit organization Project Shtandart.

The crew of the "Standard" is made up of volunteers, trained and prepared before the start of each voyage. In June 2000, the Shtandart set off on its maiden voyage along the route of the Great Embassy - to those cities and countries that Peter I visited while studying ship craft. At the beginning of 2012, the Shtandart frigate made twelve voyages across Europe, visiting 54 ports in 12 European countries. In 2009, Shtandart passed from St. Petersburg to the Norwegian port of Kirkenes, rounding the North Cape. From 2005 to 2009, he repeatedly entered the waters of the Neva to participate in the Scarlet Sails festival. Shtandart takes an active part in international marine regattas, festivals, filming.

But in June 2009, the Shtandart was presented to the inspectors of the Russian River Register. During the dock inspection, the registry inspectors identified a number of “significant” non-compliances with the requirements. On June 18, 2009, in order to restore the vessel on the classification register, the Russian River Register presented the shipowner with a requirement to eliminate all non-compliances with the Register rules before going on a voyage.

The shipowner, the non-commercial partnership Project Shtandart, considering the presented requirements to be impossible in principle, taking into account the historical design of the ship, decided to stop the operation of the ship in the waters of the Russian Federation until the issues of Russian legislation on historical and traditional ships are settled.

Since 2009, Shtandart has been carrying out educational and training voyages in the waters of European countries. The vessel has been tested for compliance with the safety standards of the German maritime administration BG Verkehr, has a certificate from the Dutch Register of Historical and Sailing Vessels Register Holland. On June 15, 2010, Shtandart applied to the Russian Maritime Register with a request to conduct a survey of the vessel as a sports sailing vessel according to the newly approved rules. But consideration of documents is not completed. Shtandart is forced to remain outside the territorial waters of the Russian Federation.

The Shtandart is currently being used for the filming of the film Set Michiel De Ruyter.

The current copy of the historic battleship "Goto Predestination" ("God's foresight")

Historical copy of the Russian battleship "Goto Predestination" of the times of Peter the Great, built in 2011-2014. The ship is moored at Admiralteiskaya Square in Voronezh and is a museum ship.

In early 2010, we began to create drawings based on archival documents. The work on the creation of the project was complicated by the fact that most of the documents related to the construction of the battleship were not preserved. When creating a replica of the ship, notes from the state archive were used, as well as paintings and engravings of the 18th century, and the design of the ship was based on a watercolor by Peter Bergman.

On June 15, 2011, the foundation board of the future sailboat was solemnly installed at the Pavlovsk Shipyard. The wooden part of the ship was recreated from a watercolor by Peter Bergman painted in 1700. According to Alexander Tikhomirov, designer of the superstructure, the same materials were used for its construction, from which the original ship was built: pine and oak, and at least 100 years old.

On July 21, 2013, the lower part of the ship from Pavlovsk, with the help of 2 tugs along the Don and Voronezh rivers, went to the Voronezh reservoir to Petrovsky Island, where it was moored on July 25. The next day, the ship was moored to Petrovskaya embankment. of the future ship In mid-September, the installation of the superstructure began. At the end of December 2013, the ship was transferred to Admiralteyskaya Square.

In January 2014, the arrangement of the coastal parking for the ship began. In April, all the ship's masts were installed. July 2, 2014 the ship went on its first voyage for sea trials.

July 27, 2014, on the day of the Navy, the ship "Goto Predestination" was inaugurated near the Admiralteyskaya Square in the city of Voronezh. The Andreevsky flag was raised on the ship. After that, the ship went on its first voyage, in which the workers of the Pavlovsk Shipyard, who built the ship, took part. During the departure, a volley was fired from the ship's cannons. The ship made a circle of honor and moored back to the pier at Admiralteyskaya Square. About 40 people worked on the ship in total. It took a little more than 3 years to create the ship from the moment of laying, while the original was built in the time of Peter the Great a little less than 1.5 years.
In addition to the existing existing copies of historical ships, there was another copy. A copy of the frigate "Holy Spirit".

A working copy of the historical Frigate "Holy Spirit"
The Polar Odyssey club and the Karelia-TAMP firm were recreated in 1992 at the Avangard shipyard.

According to historical fact, during the years of the Northern Russian-Swedish War of 1700-1721, two small frigates "Courier" and "Holy Spirit" in August 1702 were dragged along the "Sovereign" road 170 miles long through the Karelian forests and swamps. The movement of ships and troops overland from the White Sea to Lake Onega was part of a military-strategic operation to capture the Noteburg fortress at the source of the Neva.

The remake of the ship had the approximate dimensions of its historical prototype, carried 6 bronze cannons on board. But unlike the ships of the 17th century, the frigate was equipped with a 90-horsepower diesel engine.

The main technical data of the remake:
maximum length - 26.8 m
length according to design waterline - 17 m
width - 5.2 m
draft - 2.5 m
displacement - 90 t
sail area - 280 sq. m

In 1992 "Holy Spirit" took part in the festival of wooden boats in the city of Kotka (Finland) and on the Alan Islands.
In the same year, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation determined the status of the ship as a military-historical vessel of the Russian fleet and issued a certificate to the frigate for the right to raise the Andreevsky flag.

In 1993, the flagship of the Russian historical fleet "Holy Spirit" was recognized as the best ship of the naval parade in St. Petersburg.

In 1994, the frigate takes part in the first international festival of sailing ships in Karelia "Blue Onego-94".

But on October 20, 1994, the frigate "Holy Spirit" sank off the coast of Holland during a strong storm in the North Sea on its way to the festival in the city of Amsterdam.

Also, at the moment, the shipyard of the historical shipbuilding "Poltava" is engaged in the reconstruction of the first large battleship of the Baltic Fleet, launched in the St. Petersburg Admiralty in 1712 - "Poltava".
The construction of the original battleship of the 4th rank "Poltava" began in 1709 and ended in 1712, the construction lasted 3 years. Peter the Great took part in the design of the ship, and Fedosey Sklyaev supervised the construction.

A full-size replica of the ship "Poltava" was conceived in 2013, launching is planned for 2016.

In the summer of 2013, the midsection frame was laid, and the production of keel pieces and other frames began. The process was complicated by difficult weather conditions, it became clear that it was necessary to build a large hangar for the future ship. In early 2014, the hangar was completed and work accelerated. Soon the keel was laid, the first frames were installed. The set of the ship's hull and carved decorations are made of oak, the spars of the ship are made of pine, and the lining is planned to be made of larch. 54 cannons that will be installed on the ship "Poltava" are cast at the factory from cast iron according to the regulations of 1715.

The shipyard already employs more than 130 professionals with experience gained during the construction of the Shtandart frigate or at the Poltava shipyard.

On May 1, 2014, the shipyard solemnly opened its doors to visitors, it became possible to go on excursions and see how a real sailing ship of the Peter the Great era was being built. Today, the shipyard hosts daily tours, workshops and events on weekends.

The story about sailboats that plow the expanses of the seas and oceans under the flag of Russia should begin with the oldest Russian four-masted barque Sedov. This sailboat was built in Germany at a shipyard in the city of Kiel and launched on February 14, 1921. At the time of its birth, it was named "Magdalena Winnen 11". During the Second World War, he was part of the auxiliary fleet of Nazi Germany and transported military cargo. By decision of the Potsdam Conference on Reparations in December 1945, the barque was transferred to the Soviet Union and received a new name in memory of Russian hydrographer and polar explorer Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov. During the service as a training ship on the Sedov barge, more than one generation of Russian sailors passed the shipboard practice. And at present, the handsome bark, which is the largest training sailboat in the world (displacement 7320 tons), plows the seas and oceans of the planet.

Bark "Kruzenshtern". Photo: www.russianlook.com

The second oldest among Russian sailing ships is the four-masted barque Kruzenshtern. It was built at a shipyard in the city of Wesermünde (now Bremerhaven) in Germany and launched in 1926. Before the war, she was used as a cargo ship, her holds took up to 4 thousand tons of coal. In 1946, like the Sedov barque, it was transferred to the Soviet Union and renamed in honor of Russian navigator and admiral Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern, leader of the first Russian round-the-world expedition.

Bark "Sedov". Photo: www.russianlook.com

A special place among the Russian sailing ships of the post-war period is occupied by the barque "Tovarishch". In 1933, the three-masted Gorch Fok training barque was built at the Hamburg shipyard by order of the German Imperial Navy. The sailboat proved to be reliable, stable and manoeuvrable. Gorch Fok became the model for a whole series of six German sailboats built between 1936 and 1958. Starting from 1934, the above-named barque was used for training purposes, making trips in the Atlantic, the North and Baltic Seas. After the outbreak of World War II, Gorch Fock and its sister cities served as offices and barracks in German ports. At the end of the war, the sailboat was towed to the island of Rügen, where on April 30, 1945, by order of the German command, it was blown up and sank. By decision of the Potsdam Conference on Reparations, among other ships, the Gorch Fok sailing ship was transferred to the Soviet Union. In 1947, the ship was raised from the bottom of the sea and was overhauled in 4 years. While still in Germany for a major overhaul, the sailboat received a bell with the name "Comrade", which the ship inherited from the first training sailboat on the Black Sea, which died during the Great Patriotic War in the port of Mariupol.

In 1950, the barque "Tovarishch" came to the port of Liepaja in Latvia, and on July 8, 1951, the ship set out on its first voyage under the Soviet flag. His path lay to the shores of the Black Sea, where the sailboat began to serve as a training ship for the passage of ship practice for cadets of the nautical schools of Odessa and Kherson. During its service under the flag of the USSR, the barque "Tovarishch" repeatedly made long trips, paid official visits to other states, participated in sailing regattas and won. More than 500 thousand miles and ports of 86 countries were left behind the stern of the barque. The ship has played several "roles" in films. He starred in the films "Maximka", "Scarlet Sails", "Treasure Island", "Captain Nemo", "Prisoner of If Castle".

Bark "Gorkh Fok". Photo: www.globallookpress.com

But soon the sailboat was not up to the cinema. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the division of the Black Sea Fleet, Tovarishch became the property of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine. Having served until 1995 under the flag of Ukraine, the barque was sent to England for a major overhaul, where it stood for three years. Ukraine did not have the $3 million required for repairs. At the suggestion of the German "Organization of Friends of the Sailing Fleet", the sailboat was towed from England to the German port of Wilhelmhafen, where it took part in the international exhibition "Expo-2000". In 2003, the logical finale came: the ship was sold for 500 thousand euros to the same “Organization of Friends of the Sailing Fleet”. Currently, Gorkh Fok 1 (as the former Comrade is now called) is used as a museum ship for banquets and other ceremonies. This story reverberates with pain in the hearts of veteran sailors who have passed ship practice on the "Comrade" or served on it.

Of the other sailing ships similar to Tovarishch, three remained in service: the American barque Eagle (formerly Horst Wessel), received under reparation, the Romanian Mircea, built by order of Bucharest in 1939, and the German Gorch Fok 11 ", the last of this series, launched in 1958.

Years passed, and the need for training sailing ships increased. Veterans of "Sedov", "Kruzenshtern" and "Tovarishch" could no longer provide practice for cadets of maritime universities in a rapidly developing country.

On August 12, 1981, a training sailing ship was launched in the Polish People's Republic (often ships of this series are called frigates). The sailboat was built at the Gdansk shipyard named after Lenin with funds raised by Polish youth for the Naval Academy in the city of Gdynia. The frigate "Gift of Youth" participated in many regattas and repeatedly won victories among the sailing ships of the world. Currently, the veteran of the Polish Navy is in eternal parking as a memorial ship.

Frigate "Gift of Youth". Source: Public Domain

This sailboat became a model for a series of training sailing frigates built for the Soviet Union in the nineties of the last century. All ships were built at the Gdansk shipyard under the guidance of designer Sigmund Horen. The series consisted of five sailboats: Druzhba, Mir, Khersones, Pallada and Nadezhda. The fate of these beautiful training sailboats in the post-Soviet space is different. When the Black Sea Fleet was divided, the frigates "Druzhba" and "Khersones" went to Ukraine. In 1992, Druzhba was transferred to the Italian port of Messina, where she was converted into a cruise yacht. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the handsome sailboat has been laid up in the port of Odessa and used for the practice of junior cadets.

The fate of "Chersonesos" is more tragic. After the division of the fleet until 2006, on a lease basis, the frigate was used as a cruise ship. Since 2006, due to a financial dispute between the lessee and the shipowner, the ship has been laid up in the port of Kerch. Over the years, the sailboat has lost its former elegant appearance, the metal parts have rusted, many interior items have been stolen. After the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the hope dawned that the Khersones, owned by the Kerch Marine Technological University, would be restored and again set sail above its red-golden hull.

Frigate "Khersonesos".

On June 28, 1712, in the presence of Peter I, the first Russian battleship was launched. We recall 7 legendary domestic sailing ships that made a name for the Russian fleet.

Galiot "Eagle"

In 1668, by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Russian shipbuilders built the first large combat sailing ship, the Eagle galliot, on the Oka River. The length of the "large" vessel is 24.5 m, the width is 6.5 m. The crew is 22 sailors and 35 archers. This two-deck ship carried three masts and was armed with 22 squeakers. Oryol was the first purely sailing warship built in Russia. On the fore and main masts of the Eagle, straight sails were installed, and on the mizzen mast - oblique. Here are the lines from the decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich on this ship: “The ship, which was made in the village of Dedinovo, should be given the nickname “Eagle”. Put an eagle on the bow and stern and sew eagles on the banners. When the "Eagle" was ready, wooden carved double-headed eagles, painted in gold, were strengthened on its stern and bow. These heraldic symbols of royal power were a kind of confirmation of the name of the ship, and then became the traditional decoration of all military ships.

Yacht "Saint Peter"

"St. Peter" is the first Russian warship that carried the Russian flag in foreign waters. The yacht of Peter I was built in Arkhangelsk according to the Dutch model in 1693. This small sailboat had one mast with straight and slanting sails and was armed with 12 guns. For the first time, Peter I went out on it to the open sea to accompany the Dutch and English merchant ships leaving Arkhangelsk and reached the eastern shores of the Kola Peninsula with them. In May of the following year, 1694, he again comes to Arkhangelsk and sails to the Solovetsky Islands, and then accompanies another caravan of merchant ships leaving Arkhangelsk to Cape Svyatoy Nos, in other words, to the ocean. Having served thirty years of maritime service, the yacht became the first museum object in Arkhangelsk.

Galley "Principium"

In 1696, this ship was the first to enter the Sea of ​​Azov, and in June, as part of the Russian fleet, it participated in the siege of the Turkish fortress of Azov. It was built at the beginning of 1696 in Voronezh according to the Dutch model. Length - 38, width - 6 meters, height from keel to deck - about 4 m. 34 pairs of oars were set in motion. Crew size - up to 170 people. She was armed with 6 guns. According to the Principium type, with only some changes, another 22 ships were built to participate in the Azov campaign of Peter I. the prototype of the "Naval Charter", which stipulated day and night signals, as well as indications in case of a battle. At the end of hostilities near Azov, the galley was disarmed and placed on the Don near the fortress, where it was subsequently dismantled for firewood due to dilapidation.

Frigate "Fortress"

"Fortress" - the first Russian warship that entered Constantinople. Built at the Panshin shipyard in 1699, not far from the mouth of the Don. Length - 37.8, width - 7.3 meters, crew - 106 people, armament - 46 guns. In the summer of 1699, the "Fortress" under the command of Captain Pamburg delivered an embassy mission to Constantinople, headed by Duma councilor Em. Ukrainians. The appearance of a Russian warship near the walls of the Turkish capital forced the Turkish Sultan to reconsider his attitude towards Russia. A peace treaty was quickly concluded between Turkey and Russia. The frigate, moreover, for the first time entered the waters of the Black Sea, which allowed Russian sailors to make hydrographic measurements of the Kerch Strait and Balaklava Bay (also for the first time!). At the same time, the first plans for the Crimean coast were drawn up.

Battleship "Poltava"

"Poltava" is the first battleship of the Russian fleet, and the first - built in St. Petersburg. The construction of "Poltava", named after the outstanding victory over the Swedes near Poltava, was led by Peter I. Length - 34.6 width - 11.7, was armed with 54 guns of 18, 12 and 6-pounder calibers. After commissioning in 1712, this ship participated in all campaigns of the Russian Baltic ship fleet during the Great Northern War, and in May 1713, covering the actions of the galley fleet to capture Helsingfors, it was the flagship of Peter 1.

Battleship "Pobedonosets"

"Pobedonosets" is the first ship of the 66-gun rank, with improved combat and seaworthiness. The best ship of its time, built after the death of Peter I. Assembled according to the drawings and under the direct supervision of one of the most talented Russian shipbuilders A. Katasonov. Length along the lower deck - 160 feet; width - 44.6 feet. The armament consisted of twenty-six 30-pounders, twenty-six 12-pounders and fourteen 6-pounders. Launched in 1780. He was one of the few Russian long-lived ships. Served 27 years.

Sloop "Mirny"

The ship of the First Russian Antarctic round-the-world expedition of 1819-1821, which discovered Antarctica. "Mirny" is a rebuilt auxiliary vessel. By fitting shtultsev, the stern was lengthened at the sloop, a knyavdiged was placed on the stem, the hull was additionally sheathed with inch boards, firmly fixed with copper nails. The hull was carefully caulked, and the underwater part, so that it would not become overgrown with algae, was covered with copper sheets. Additional fasteners were placed inside the hull in case of ice floe impact, the pine steering wheel was replaced with oak. The previously installed standing rigging, shrouds, stays and other gear made from low-grade hemp were replaced by stronger ones used on ships of the navy. The construction was carried out at the Olonets shipyard in Lodeynoye Pole, near St. Petersburg. The Mirny sloop was a three-masted, two-deck ship armed with 20 guns: six 12-pounders (caliber 120 mm) and fourteen 3-pounders (caliber 76 mm). The crew numbered 72 people. For more than two years, the ship was at sea, sailing a distance more than twice the length of the equator.