Nikolai Rubtsov: biography, briefly about life and work. Nikolai Scars H Scars Life

Born in the Arkhangelsk region in 1936, Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov grew up in an orphanage. His father was sent to war, and his mother was lost during the war years. They remember that Rubtsov was a good-natured child and showed great perseverance and desire to study. The fundamental factors that formed the poet's work were childhood memories associated with the village of Nikolsky, where he spent his childhood. I tried to study in several technical schools, but I did not finish my studies in any of them.

Beginning in 1955, Nikolai Mikhailovich moved to Leningrad. He worked there at various factories, and also served in the Navy. The years spent in the orphanage help him easily endure all the hardships of service.

In 1962 he entered the Literary Institute in Moscow. In the same place he submits his poems to the competition. During these years, his work was highly controversial. Some saw in him frank mediocrity, while others prophesied a bright future for the poet.

The fate of Rubtsov was similar to the life of the great Russian poet Sergei Yesenin. He, like Yesenin, got into various troubles, ending with the invasion of the police. As eyewitnesses recall, for the most part, he was not the culprit of all these negative situations, it was just that in some magical way the circumstances developed. We can say that he was pursued by evil rock.

Family life was also unsuccessful. Due to the fact that the poet often got into bad situations and his impecunious situation, all this caused a negative atmosphere in his family. The mother-in-law, who has seen the whole situation of their family's life, sets up Rubtsov's wife and child against him. The poet, in order not to develop a conflict, simply leaves them.

After graduating in 1969, the poet gets a job at the Vologda newspaper.

The death of the poet was a surprise to everyone. According to some reports, it is assumed that he was killed by his beloved in the course of strangulation. Coincidence or not, but many believe that Rubtsov himself predicted his death in one of his poems "I will die in Epiphany frosts." Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov dies in January 1971.

The main source of inspiration for the poet is the symbol of Russia. Her power and majesty. The width of open spaces and unusually beautiful nature. In his poems, he describes the simplicity of the Russian soul, based on the experience of being in the village. At the heart of the poems is the theme of the search for the meaning of human life. The first collection of poems was published in 1965. In the future, three more collections will be released.

Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important.

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Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov (1936-1971) was born in a small village in the Arkhangelsk region, lost his parents in early childhood, was brought up in an orphanage, after graduating from a seven-year school wandered around the country, served in the navy, worked as a fireman at the Kirov plant in Leningrad, from there from a working literary association got into the Literary Institute, and after graduation he lived in the Russian north, in the Arkhangelsk and Vologda regions, where four collections of his poems were published one after another; the last and best of them is "Green Flowers".

It is no coincidence that N. Rubtsov is called a "quiet poet"; the turbulent political events of the 1950s and 1960s, the ideological and social problems of the tense era did not seem to touch the poet, as if they were not noticed by him; in this respect, Rubtsov is very reminiscent of the early Yesenin, and indeed he began his poetic path with a clear imitation of S. Yesenin. Yesenin's influence is still felt in the verses of the Vologda poet.

Reading Rubtsov, it is as if you again find yourself in the Russian village of the beginning of the century, described by Yesenin, and you are surprised to see that despite the stormy and destructive events of the century, the quiet Russian village, the discreet but heartbreaking beauty of Russian nature remained the same. The meadows are still blooming, the distant forests are foggy, and the setting sun fills the hut through the low window with crimson light - and all the same, in the inexpressible love for that native beauty, the poet’s heart dissolves.

The motive of silence, tranquility, immobility of the rural world, its immutability and balance runs through all the poetry of N. Rubtsov. In his poems, the reader hardly meets people, we see and hear only the author himself, an infinitely lonely person, longing for peace, prone to contemplation, a serene and sad person.

N. Rubtsov's poems are often surprisingly musical, filled with true, deep, polysemantic poetry, melodious and simple with the high simplicity of real art. One after another, melodious and simple, poems about the native land, about herbs, lakes and stars sound - and the reader is confronted with the most charming image of a poet, a man of a pure and kind soul, gentle, calm and sad.

N. Rubtsov constantly emphasizes his blood, organic connection with his homeland:

With every hut and cloud,

With thunder ready to fall

I feel the most burning

The deadliest bond.

The poet's homeland is precisely Russia, and everything Russian is treated kindly by his loving gaze, and no other reality exists for the poet. In his love for his native land, tenderness and sadness sound. There is no glorification of only the Russian, there is no opposition to the native and beloved Russia to other countries, territories and peoples, there are no notes of nationalism and chauvinism. It is especially important to emphasize this in the 90s, when some poets declared their love for the Motherland their special merit, made the praise of Russia the only content of their poems.

The feeling of love for one's native land is, in essence, a biological feeling, it is characteristic of many animals and birds, characteristic of almost every person - the poet should not consider love for the motherland his special merit, make patriotism the only content of poetry; all the more dangerous is excessive praise, which develops into nationalism and chauvinism. History of the 20th century knows what tragedies of genocide these emotions are fraught with.

Born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Arkhangelsk Region. In 1940 he moved with his family to Vologda, where the Rubtsovs found the war. According to some sources, Nikolai's father, Mikhail Adrianovich Rubtsov (1900-1963), went to the front and died in 1941, according to other sources, he left his family and lived separately in Vologda after the war. In 1942, his mother died, and Nikolai was sent to the Nikolsky orphanage in the Totemsky district of the Vologda region, where he graduated from the seventh grade of the school. Here his daughter Elena was born in a civil marriage with Menshikova Henrietta Mikhailovna.

From 1950 to 1952, the future poet studied at the Totma Forestry College. Then, from 1952 to 1953, he worked as a stoker in the Arkhangelsk trawl fleet of the Sevryba trust, from 1953 to 1955 he studied at the Mining and Chemical College of the Ministry of Chemical Industry in the city of Kirovsk (Murmansk Region). From March 1955 Rubtsov was a laborer at an experimental military training ground.

From October 1955 to 1959 he served in the army in the Northern Fleet (with the rank of sailor and senior sailor). After demobilization, he lived in Leningrad, working alternately as a locksmith, fireman and labourer at the Kirov plant.

Rubtsov begins to study in the Narva Zastava literary association, meets young Leningrad poets Gleb Gorbovsky, Konstantin Kuzminsky, Eduard Shneiderman. In July 1962, with the help of Boris Taigin, he published his first typewritten collection Waves and Rocks.

In August 1962, Rubtsov entered the Literary Institute. M. Gorky in Moscow and met Vladimir Sokolov, Stanislav Kunyaev, Vadim Kozhinov and other writers, whose friendly participation helped him more than once both in creativity and in publishing poetry. Problems soon arose with his stay at the institute, but the poet continues to write, and in the mid-1960s he published his first collections.

In 1969, Rubtsov graduated from the Literary Institute, received the first separate one-room apartment in his life.

Being intoxicated, he died on January 19, 1971 (on the day of Epiphany) in Vologda on Yashin Street at number 3, as a result of a family quarrel with the aspiring poetess Lyudmila Derbina (Granovskaya), whom he was going to marry (on January 5, they submitted documents to the registry office ). The judicial investigation found that death was the result of strangulation. Lyudmila Derbina was sentenced to 7 years. Biographers mention Rubtsov's poem as a prediction of the date of his own tragic death.

In her subsequent memoirs and interviews about this tragic event, Lyudmila Derbina expressed the hypothesis that death Nikolai Rubtsov could have been caused by a heart attack. It is possible that a very strong emotional experience and alcohol intoxication could contribute to this.

He was buried in Vologda at the Poshekhonsky cemetery.

The Vologda "small motherland" and the Russian North gave him the main theme of his future work - "ancient Russian identity", became the center of his life, "land ... sacred", where he felt "both alive and mortal".

His first collection was released in 1962. It was called "Waves and Rocks". The second book of poems "Lyric" was published in 1965 in Arkhangelsk. Then the poetry collections "Star of the Fields" (1967), "The Soul Keeps" (1969), "Pine Noise" (1970) were published. The Green Flowers, which were being prepared for publication, appeared after the death of the poet.

Rubtsov's poetry, extremely simple in its style and themes, associated mainly with his native Vologda region, has creative authenticity, internal scale, and a finely developed figurative structure.

Songs based on his poems, “I will drive a bicycle for a long time”, “In moments of sad music”, are especially famous.

Nikolai Rubtsov himself wrote about his poetry:

I will not rewrite
From the book of Tyutchev and Fet,
I won't even listen
The same Tyutchev and Fet.
And I won't invent
Myself special, Rubtsova,
For this I will stop believing
In the same Rubtsov,
But I'm at Tyutchev and Fet
I will check the sincere word,
So that the book of Tyutchev and Fet
Continue with Rubtsov's book!..

Nikolai Rubtsov is a Russian lyric poet. During his short biography, he managed to write many works that are still popular and are translated into many languages.

Biography of Rubtsov

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov was born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, in the Arkhangelsk region. His father, Mikhail Andrianovich, held a leading position in a consumer cooperative.

In 1936, the Rubtsov family moved to the city of Nyandoma, where they lived for about 3 years. The day before (1941-1945), the family left for.

Soon, Rubtsov Sr., like millions of his compatriots, went to the front.

Childhood and youth

In 1942, in the biography of 6-year-old Rubtsov, 2 tragedies occurred at once. In the summer, his mother passed away, and after that, his sister, who was barely 1 year old, also died.

These events were a real blow to the boy, as a result of which, at such a young age, he wrote his first poem.

Given the fact that the mother died and the father was at the front, the Rubtsovs' children were distributed to different boarding schools.

Despite the fact that Nikolai was often malnourished in the orphanage and experienced many other difficulties, he warmly recalled this segment of his biography. He studied diligently at school and had good academic performance in all subjects.

In 1952, Rubtsov got a job in Tralflot. By this time, he was already convinced that his father had been killed in the war. But in fact, everything was quite different.

The father of the future poet Mikhail Rubtsov returned from the front and immediately began looking for his children. However, due to the fact that all the archives were lost, he could not find a single child.

It is worth noting that later the poet still managed to meet with his father. This meeting will take place in 1955, when Nikolai turns 19 years old.

During the biography of 1950-1952. Nikolai Rubtsov studied at the Totma Forestry College. After that, he worked as a stoker for about a year. In 1953, the young man entered the Mining and Chemical College, but he could not graduate due to a failed session.

In 1955, Nikolai Rubtsov was called to serve in the Northern Fleet, where he served for exactly 4 years.

Creative biography of Rubtsov

The first printed poem in Rubtsov's biography was called "May has come." It happened in 1957, when he was serving in the Navy.

After demobilization in 1959, the poet went to. There he changed many professions, having worked as a locksmith, fireman and factory labourer.

At this time, Nikolai Rubtsov met the poets Boris Taigin and Gleb Gorbovsky. With their support, he was able to publish the first collection of poems, Waves and Rocks, which was published in 1962.

In the same year, he successfully passed the exams at the Moscow Literary Institute. M. Gorky.

During this period of biography, Nikolai Rubtsov made many friends, including writers.

An interesting fact is that while studying at the institute, the poet was expelled from it, although later he was reinstated again. The reason for the expulsion was his alcohol addiction.

Rubtsov's poems

Over the years, 2 poetry collections have come out from Rubtsov's pen: "Star of the Fields" and "Lyric". And although the young poet did not have such fame as his contemporaries in the person of Akhmadulina, Rozhdestvensky and, he still had fans.

In 1968, Nikolai Rubtsov received an apartment. The following year, he graduated from the institute, after which he got a job at the Vologda Komsomolets publication.

About 3 years before his death, Rubtsov published the collections "The Soul Keeps" and "Pine Noise".

After his death, several more books will be published, among which will be:

• green flowers
• Plantains
• Poems

Songs based on Rubtsov's poems

Many well-known songs were written to the verses of Nikolai Rubtsov, which were performed by famous artists. The most popular compositions were "Blurred Path", "Autumn Song", "Leaves Have Flew" and "Bouquet".

The last song performed by Alexander Barykin still does not lose its popularity and is constantly played on radio stations.

Personal life

As a student at the Moscow Institute, Nikolai Rubtsov met Henrietta Menshikova. In 1963, young people decided to get married, but they did not sign. In this actual marriage, they had a girl, Elena.

Soon, Nikolai Mikhailovich met the little-known poetess Lyudmila Derbina.

Rubtsov was seriously carried away by her, but the girl made it clear that she was not going to develop any relationship with him. Only years later did she realize that she loved him.

Ultimately, Lyudmila went to Vologda to Rubtsov, and stayed with him. However, their relationship can hardly be called happy.

The poet was addicted to alcohol and often went into drinking bouts. Because of this, quarrels and scandals often arose between them. However, in the winter of 1971, young people decided to officially marry.

Death

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov died tragically on January 19, 1971 at the age of 35. Before his wedding, he did not live only a month. Biographers are still arguing about the true cause of Rubtsov's death.

The body of the dead poet was found in the apartment. His fiancee admitted that she was guilty of manslaughter.

An autopsy showed that death was caused by asphyxiation. For the crime committed, Lyudmila was sentenced to 8 years.

According to the woman, during one of the quarrels, Rubtsov had a heart attack, so she does not see her direct fault in his death.

The poet was buried at the Poshekhonsky cemetery in Vologda.

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There are many great writers in our literature who brought immortal values ​​to Russian culture. The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov are of great importance in the history of Russia. Let's talk more about his contribution to literature.

The childhood of Nikolai Rubtsov

The poet was born in 1936, on January 3. It happened in the village of Yemets, which is located in the Arkhangelsk region. His father was Mikhail Andreyanovich Rubtsov, who served as a political worker. In 1940 the family moved to Vologda. Here they met the war.

The biography of Nikolai Rubtsov has many sorrows that befell the poet. Little Kolya was orphaned early. My father went to war and never returned. Many believed that he was dead. In fact, he decided to leave his wife and moved to a separate house in the same city. After the death of his mother in 1942, Nikolai was sent to Nikolsky. Here he studied at school until the seventh grade.

The youth of the poet

The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov are closely intertwined with his hometown of Vologda.

Here he met his first love - Henrietta Menshikov. They had a daughter, Lena, but their life together did not work out.

The young poet entered the Forest Technical College of the city of Totma. However, he studied there for only two years. After that, he tried himself as a stoker on a trawl fleet in Arkhangelsk. Then he was a laborer at the Leningrad training ground.

In 1955-1959, Nikolai Rubtsov served in the army as a senior sailor on Demobilization, he remains to live in Leningrad. He is accepted to the Kirov Plant, where he again changes several professions: from a locksmith and fireman to a loader. Carried away by poetry, Nikolai in 1962 entered the Gorky Moscow. Here he meets Kunyaev, Sokolov and other young writers who become him. It is they who help him publish his first works.

At the institute, Rubtsov has difficulties. He even thinks about quitting his studies, but his like-minded people support the poet, and already in the 60s he published the first collections of his poems. The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov from the time of his institute life clearly convey to the reader his experiences and mental attitude.

Nikolai graduates from the institute in 1969 and moves into a one-room apartment, his first separate residence. Here he continues to write his works.

Published works

Since the 1960s, Rubtsov's works have been published at an enviable rate. In 1965, a collection of poems "Lyric" was published. Behind him, in 1969, the "Star of the Fields" was printed.

With a break of one year (in 1969 and 1970), the collections “The Soul Keeps” and “Sosen Noise” are published

In 1973, after the death of the poet, The Last Steamboat was published in Moscow. From 1974 to 1977, three more editions appeared: "Selected Lyrics", "Plantains" and "Poems".

Songs based on verses by Nikolai Rubtsov gained great popularity. Every inhabitant of our country is familiar with “I will drive a bicycle for a long time”, “It is light in my upper room” and “In moments of sad music”.

creative life

Nikolai Rubtsov's poems resonate with his childhood. Reading them, we plunge into the calm world of Vologda life. He writes about home comfort, about love and devotion. Many works are dedicated to the wonderful time of the year - the autumn season.

In general, the poet's work is filled with truthfulness, authenticity.

Despite the simplicity of the language, his poems have scale and power. Rubtsov's style is rhythmic and has a complex fine structure. In his works, one feels love for the Motherland and unity with nature.

The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov ends abruptly and absurdly. He dies on January 19, 1971 during a family quarrel at the hands of his fiancee Lyudmila Derbina. The investigation found that the poet died of strangulation. Derbina was sentenced to seven years in prison.

Many biographers express the opinion that Nikolai Rubtsov predicted his death by writing about it in the poem "I will die in Epiphany frosts."

A street in Vologda is named after the writer. Monuments were erected to him in several cities of Russia. Rubtsov's poems are still very popular among readers of all ages. His works remain relevant in our time, because love and peace are always needed by a person.